Prevalence of Oral Cancer: Cancer affects a significant portion of the American population, with one in three individuals experiencing it at some point in their lives. In the year 2000 alone, over 1,220,000 people in the US received a cancer diagnosis, leading to 552,200 annual fatalities, representing more than 20% of all deaths. While oral cancers constitute less than 3% of all cancer cases in the US, they stand as the 6th most common cancer among males and the 12th among females. Squamous Cell Carcinoma accounts for the majority (94%) of oral cancer cases.
Demographics and Risk Factors: The risk of intra-oral cancer escalates with age, particularly among males, boasting a male-to-female ratio of 3 to 1. Smoking remains a significant risk factor, with historical data showing that 65% of males smoked in the 1940s, whereas currently, fewer than 24% of US adults smoke. Notably, about 80% of oral cancer patients are smokers, and the risk is directly proportional to the amount smoked. Pipe and cigar smokers face a higher risk compared to cigarette smokers. Additionally, the use of smokeless tobacco and betel leaf (paan quid) contributes to heightened oral cancer risks.
Contributing Factors: Oral cancer stems from various causes, with no single factor identified as the sole reason. Extrinsic factors encompass tobacco smoke, alcohol consumption, and syphilis. Intrinsic factors involve pre-existing lesions susceptible to malignant transformations. While alcohol alone hasn’t been definitively linked to oral cancer, its combination with tobacco significantly increases the risk.
Radiation, encompassing X-radiation and UV radiation (sun exposure), also plays a role. UV radiation, for instance, can lead to skin cancer on the lips. Furthermore, a deficiency in Vitamin A has been associated with cancer development. Historically, syphilis, often linked with oral cancers, especially tongue cancer, was treated with heavy metals, potentially elevating cancer risks.
Other factors contributing to oral cancer risks include oral fungal diseases like Candidiasis, certain viruses such as the Herpes Simplex virus and Human Papilloma virus, and immune deficiencies, including HIV.
Recognizing Oral Cancer: Oral cancer may present as white or red patches on mucosal surfaces or the tongue, intraoral ulcers, or masses. It’s crucial for individuals to promptly consult their dentist upon noticing any such signs.
Stay vigilant about your oral health to detect and address potential concerns.
Schedule an appointment with our exceptional dentists for a thorough evaluation. We’re your top choice for Lincoln Park, Old Town, and Chicago dentistry.